Психология обучения
№ 01 • 2025
PSYCHOLOGY OF PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
SOROKINA T.M. Sorokina T.M. – doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy of Preschool and Primary Education of the NSPU. Kozma Minin
MALEEV D.S. Maleev D.S. – postgraduate student of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology of PSPU
The conditions and negative influencing factors for the development of imagination of an older preschooler
Страницы / Pages: 5-13
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article presents and reveals the universal conditions for the development of an imagination of an older preschooler, suitable for the seminal environment and the environment of an educational institution. The variants of the most optimal organization of these conditions are proposed. The factors blocking the development of the imagination process in normotypic and impaired development, as well as factors associated with increased risk, were identified among the negative factors for the imagination process.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
emotional imagination, cognitive imagination, conditions for the development of imagination, suprasituative activity of personality.
PSYCHOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTSАннотация / Annotation:
The article presents and reveals the universal conditions for the development of an imagination of an older preschooler, suitable for the seminal environment and the environment of an educational institution. The variants of the most optimal organization of these conditions are proposed. The factors blocking the development of the imagination process in normotypic and impaired development, as well as factors associated with increased risk, were identified among the negative factors for the imagination process.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
emotional imagination, cognitive imagination, conditions for the development of imagination, suprasituative activity of personality.
FILATOVA L.E. Filatova L.E. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Practical Psychology, Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Voronezh
PETROSYANTS V.R. Petrosyants V.R. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Practical Psychology, Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Voronezh
GRIDYAEVA L.N. Gridyaeva L.N. – Candidate of PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Practical Psychology, Voronezh State Pedagogical University (VGPU), Voronezh
Psychological readiness for professional self-determination of high school students
Страницы / Pages: 14-23
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article presents an analysis of approaches to the study of readiness for professional self-determination, and suggests a structure of psychological readiness for professional self-determination, consisting of motivational, personal, cognitive, and activity components. The results of an empirical study of psychological readiness for professional self-determination of students in grades 9-11 are presented.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
professional self-determination, structure of psychological readiness for professional self-determination, assessment of psychological readiness for professional self-determination.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article presents an analysis of approaches to the study of readiness for professional self-determination, and suggests a structure of psychological readiness for professional self-determination, consisting of motivational, personal, cognitive, and activity components. The results of an empirical study of psychological readiness for professional self-determination of students in grades 9-11 are presented.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
professional self-determination, structure of psychological readiness for professional self-determination, assessment of psychological readiness for professional self-determination.
GONCHAROVA N.A. Goncharova N.A. – candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology at the Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Saint Petersburg
The value factors of the formation of the self-concept of the personality of students at the university
Страницы / Pages: 24-31
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article discusses the mechanisms of formation of the Self-concept of personality as a stable and conscious system of positive knowledge of a person about his own properties, consistent with basic social values and determining subsequent positive self-attitude, success in educational and professional activities. The results of the study allowed us to establish predominantly negative correlations between the values of the personality of students at the university and the modalities of the Self-concept, with an average level of severity of the studied indicators.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
I am the concept of personality, hierarchy of values, identification, self-attitude, self-esteem, value choice.
PSYCHOLOGY OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONАннотация / Annotation:
The article discusses the mechanisms of formation of the Self-concept of personality as a stable and conscious system of positive knowledge of a person about his own properties, consistent with basic social values and determining subsequent positive self-attitude, success in educational and professional activities. The results of the study allowed us to establish predominantly negative correlations between the values of the personality of students at the university and the modalities of the Self-concept, with an average level of severity of the studied indicators.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
I am the concept of personality, hierarchy of values, identification, self-attitude, self-esteem, value choice.
KARAPUZIKOV A.A. Karapuzikov A.A. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, 1Head of the Department of Safety in Emergency Situations, Ural Institute of the State Emergency Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, Ekaterinburg, 2Associate Professor, Department of Technosphere and Environmental Safety, Ural State Agrarian University, Ekaterinburg
MURAEV N.P. Muraev N.P. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Safety in Emergency Situations, Ural Institute of the State Emergency Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, Ekaterinburg
OPARIN D.E. Oparin D.E. – Senior Lecturer of the Department of Fire, Emergency and Rescue Equipment and Special Technical Means, Ural Institute of the State Emergency Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, Ekaterinburg
Psychological aspects of professional training of cadets of Russian MCHS higher educational institutions for activities in extreme conditions
Страницы / Pages: 32-39
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article deals with the psychological aspects of training of cadets of higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for activity in extreme conditions. The authors pay special attention to psychological training and formation of key personal qualities in future graduates, such as stress resistance, self-control and readiness to act in conditions of high risk and uncertainty.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
cadets, psychological training, extreme conditions, stress resistance, professional activity.
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article deals with the psychological aspects of training of cadets of higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for activity in extreme conditions. The authors pay special attention to psychological training and formation of key personal qualities in future graduates, such as stress resistance, self-control and readiness to act in conditions of high risk and uncertainty.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
cadets, psychological training, extreme conditions, stress resistance, professional activity.
YASHIN S.V. Yashin S.V. – PhD in Law, Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Affairs in Special Conditions, St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, St. Petersburg
VYAZOV A.A. Vyazov A.A. – Senior Lecturer at the Department of Internal Affairs in Special Conditions, Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Nizhny Novgorod
VANTEEV D.A. Vanteev D.A. – lecturer of the Department of Special Tactics of the educational and scientific complex of special training, V.Ya. Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow
Psychophysiological factors influencing the process of training drivers of special services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
Страницы / Pages: 40-45
Аннотация / Annotation:
This paper will examine individual, in the authors' opinion, topical issues related to the professional training and retraining of transport drivers for certain services and units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. Also, individual mental and psycho-psychophysiological factors influencing the process of driving vehicles and the process of training and retraining of drivers of special services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia will be studied.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
mental and psychophysiological factors, driver training, safe driving, special services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, road safety.
PSYCHOLOGY OF PEDAGOGIC ACTIVITYАннотация / Annotation:
This paper will examine individual, in the authors' opinion, topical issues related to the professional training and retraining of transport drivers for certain services and units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. Also, individual mental and psycho-psychophysiological factors influencing the process of driving vehicles and the process of training and retraining of drivers of special services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia will be studied.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
mental and psychophysiological factors, driver training, safe driving, special services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, road safety.
BRUNCHUKOVA N.M. Brunchukova N.M. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and Methodology of Primary Education, Faculty of Psychology and Pedagogy, Smolensk State University
GRIMOVSKAYA L.M. Grimovskaya L.M. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogy, Faculty of Psychology and Pedagogy, Smolensk State University, Smolensk
KHARCHENKO O.O. Kharchenko O.O. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and Methodology of Primary Education, Faculty of Psychology and Pedagogy, Smolensk State University
Psychological and pedagogical classes: from idea to implementation
Страницы / Pages: 46-56
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article presents the conceptual provisions of the Program for organizing the activities of psychological and pedagogical classes. The authors consider the latter as a means of filling the deficit of teaching staff. The experience of implementing the Program in educational organizations of the Smolensk region is described. Attention is focused on professional tests of senior pupils within the framework of the implementation of the activity-based approach in teaching.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychological and pedagogical classes, network interaction model, professional self-determination, pre-professional training, teaching profession.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article presents the conceptual provisions of the Program for organizing the activities of psychological and pedagogical classes. The authors consider the latter as a means of filling the deficit of teaching staff. The experience of implementing the Program in educational organizations of the Smolensk region is described. Attention is focused on professional tests of senior pupils within the framework of the implementation of the activity-based approach in teaching.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychological and pedagogical classes, network interaction model, professional self-determination, pre-professional training, teaching profession.
NECHAEVA S.V. Nechaeva S.V. – postgraduate student of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Teacher of History and Social Studies, MAOU Gymnasium No. 2, Perm
Realization interactive approach in the formation of school children's subjectivity in the conditions of the modern digital society
Страницы / Pages: 57-67
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article analyses the complex challenges faced by the developing personality in the digital society. It highlights the risks of digital and age genesis based on the age-normative model of adolescence and the type of its subjectivity in the aspects of self-consciousness, identity, and self-activity. There are concrete examples of the implementation of the interactive approach in teaching history in the basic school as a way to prevent personal risks of adolescents' age genesis in the digital society.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
digital society, subjectivity, age-normative model, interactive learning, historical education.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article analyses the complex challenges faced by the developing personality in the digital society. It highlights the risks of digital and age genesis based on the age-normative model of adolescence and the type of its subjectivity in the aspects of self-consciousness, identity, and self-activity. There are concrete examples of the implementation of the interactive approach in teaching history in the basic school as a way to prevent personal risks of adolescents' age genesis in the digital society.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
digital society, subjectivity, age-normative model, interactive learning, historical education.
OZIEVA L.S. Ozieva L.S. – PhD, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Physical Education, Ingush State University, Magas
KAFAROVA K.Z. Kafarova K.Z. – Senior Lecturer at the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Kadyrov Chechen State University, Grozny
SELMURZAYEVA M.R. Selmurzayeva M.R. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogy and Preschool Psychology, Chechen State Pedagogical University, Grozny
Psychological and pedagogical support for children with special educational needs in the context of digital school transformation
Страницы / Pages: 68-77
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article is devoted to the issues of psychological and pedagogical support for children with special educational needs in the context of the digital transformation of the educational system. The authors explore conceptual approaches to integrating digital technologies into inclusive education. The article focuses on the application of personalized digital strategies and approaches, as well as on the role of interdisciplinary specialists in organizing an effective educational process.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychological and pedagogical support, children with special educational needs.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article is devoted to the issues of psychological and pedagogical support for children with special educational needs in the context of the digital transformation of the educational system. The authors explore conceptual approaches to integrating digital technologies into inclusive education. The article focuses on the application of personalized digital strategies and approaches, as well as on the role of interdisciplinary specialists in organizing an effective educational process.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychological and pedagogical support, children with special educational needs.
VEDYASHKINA A.V. Vedyashkina A.V. – Assistant at the Higher School of Theory and Methodology of Pedagogical and Defectological Education, Pacific State University, Khabarovsk
Оrganization of differentiated learning based on a psychodidactic approach
Страницы / Pages: 78-87
Аннотация / Annotation:
Growing trends in modern education aim to provide comfortable conditions for acquiring academic competencies. In this regard, the implementation of differentiated instruction based on a psychodidactic approach is relevant. The article explores the concept of 'differentiated instruction' in a broad sense. It presents the content and results of experimental work in primary school.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
differentiated learning, psychodidactics, psychodidactic approach, individual typological features, level of learning, elementary school.
APPLIED ASPECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ACTIVITYАннотация / Annotation:
Growing trends in modern education aim to provide comfortable conditions for acquiring academic competencies. In this regard, the implementation of differentiated instruction based on a psychodidactic approach is relevant. The article explores the concept of 'differentiated instruction' in a broad sense. It presents the content and results of experimental work in primary school.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
differentiated learning, psychodidactics, psychodidactic approach, individual typological features, level of learning, elementary school.
BAZUEVA K.I. Bazueva K.I. – Assistant Professor of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology at the Faculty of Philology. Kadyrov Chechen State University, Grozny
GAZIZOVA N.V. Gazizova N.V. – lecturer, Head of the Center for Psychological Support and Social Protection of the Russian State University of Social Technologies, Moscow
DZHEGISTAEVA L.I. Dzhegistaeva L.I. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogy and Preschool Psychology, Chechen State Pedagogical University, Grozny
Psychological burnout in the educational process: causes, manifestations and methods of prevention
Страницы / Pages: 88-97
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article is devoted to the study of the problem of psychological burnout among teachers in the context of modern educational reality. The causes, manifestations and consequences of burnout syndrome are considered, as well as its impact on the professional activity and psycho-emotional well-being of teachers. In addition, the article suggests a comprehensive approach to solving the problem of emotional burnout, aimed at maintaining professional activity and maintaining the mental and physical health of teaching staff.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychological burnout, teaching staff, emotional exhaustion.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article is devoted to the study of the problem of psychological burnout among teachers in the context of modern educational reality. The causes, manifestations and consequences of burnout syndrome are considered, as well as its impact on the professional activity and psycho-emotional well-being of teachers. In addition, the article suggests a comprehensive approach to solving the problem of emotional burnout, aimed at maintaining professional activity and maintaining the mental and physical health of teaching staff.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychological burnout, teaching staff, emotional exhaustion.
CHIZHKOVA M.B. Chizhkova M.B. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of “Educational Simulation Center” of the Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg
LOPAREVA M.A. Lopareva M.A. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Biophysics and Mathematics, Orenburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg
Examination in the representations of first-year students of the medical university (on the example of the discipline «Biophysics»)
Страницы / Pages: 98-107
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article analyzes the ideas of the first-year students of the medical university about the organizational, substantive and psycho-emotional aspects of the exam in the discipline «Biophysics». The survey made it possible to identify the positive and negative aspects of students' perception of exam tests. The results obtained contribute to clarifying the objective and subjective causes of the psychophysiological problems of future doctors during the interim assessment period.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
medical university, first-year student, biophysics, examination session, exam, exam procedure, psycho-emotional stress.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article analyzes the ideas of the first-year students of the medical university about the organizational, substantive and psycho-emotional aspects of the exam in the discipline «Biophysics». The survey made it possible to identify the positive and negative aspects of students' perception of exam tests. The results obtained contribute to clarifying the objective and subjective causes of the psychophysiological problems of future doctors during the interim assessment period.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
medical university, first-year student, biophysics, examination session, exam, exam procedure, psycho-emotional stress.
MELTSOV V.M. Meltsov V.M. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Deputy Head of the Department of the Department of Internal Affairs in Special Conditions, St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, St. Petersburg
SMIRNOV A.I. Smirnov A.I. – Senior Lecturer at the Department of Special Tactics of the UNK SP, V.Ya. Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow Moscow
Features of psychoprophylaxis of internal affairs staff when working in special conditions
Страницы / Pages: 108-116
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the main aspects of psychoprophylactic work with employees of the internal affairs bodies (ATS) performing official duties in conditions of increased complexity and potential threat. The importance of preventing professional burnout, increasing stress tolerance and mental stability of employees is emphasized due to the high probability of exposure to extreme factors.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychoprophylaxis, special conditions, stress, psychological preparation.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the main aspects of psychoprophylactic work with employees of the internal affairs bodies (ATS) performing official duties in conditions of increased complexity and potential threat. The importance of preventing professional burnout, increasing stress tolerance and mental stability of employees is emphasized due to the high probability of exposure to extreme factors.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychoprophylaxis, special conditions, stress, psychological preparation.
BELOUSOVA A.K. Belousova A.K. – doctor of psychology Sciences, professor of the Department of Educational Psychology and Organizational Psychology, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don
YAMANOVA N.I. Yamanova N.I. – candidate of the Department of Psychology of Education and Organizational Psychology, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don
Cognitive predictors of voluntary attention in children of primary school age
Страницы / Pages: 117-126
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the characteristics of voluntary attention in children of primary school age. The study aimed to establish the relationship between the levels of voluntary attention and gnosis processes in children of primary school age. The results demonstrate a connection between cognitive functions and the effectiveness of voluntary attention, indicating that impairments in praxis, gnosis, speech, and thinking are associated with a decrease in attention efficiency.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
cognitive functions, voluntary attention, primary school children, psychological-medical-pedagogical commission (PMPC), learning difficulties.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the characteristics of voluntary attention in children of primary school age. The study aimed to establish the relationship between the levels of voluntary attention and gnosis processes in children of primary school age. The results demonstrate a connection between cognitive functions and the effectiveness of voluntary attention, indicating that impairments in praxis, gnosis, speech, and thinking are associated with a decrease in attention efficiency.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
cognitive functions, voluntary attention, primary school children, psychological-medical-pedagogical commission (PMPC), learning difficulties.