Психология обучения
№ 02 • 2024
PSYCHOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS
KIBALCHENKO I.A. Kibalchenko I.A. – PhD in Psychology, associate Professor, Professor of the Department of psychology and life safety, Federal State-Owned Educational Autonomy Establishment of Higher Education «Southern Federal University», Taganrog
EKSAKUSTO T.V. Eksakusto T.V. – PhD in Psychology, associate Professor, Professor of the Department of psychology and life safety, Federal State-Owned Educational Autonomy Establishment of Higher Education «Southern Federal University». Taganrog
Conceptual and analytical specifications of intelligence of adolescents with different academic performance
Страницы / Pages: 4-14
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the conceptual and analytical characteristics of the intelligence of adolescents with different academic performance. Empirical data reflecting the signs of these characteristics in adolescents in terms of their academic performance are presented. It was revealed that the expression of a closed cognitive position increases in direct proportion to the degree of decline in academic performance.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
conceptual abilities, analytical intelligence, adolescents, cognitive style, cognitive position.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the conceptual and analytical characteristics of the intelligence of adolescents with different academic performance. Empirical data reflecting the signs of these characteristics in adolescents in terms of their academic performance are presented. It was revealed that the expression of a closed cognitive position increases in direct proportion to the degree of decline in academic performance.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
conceptual abilities, analytical intelligence, adolescents, cognitive style, cognitive position.
ZAUTOROVA E.V. Zautorova E.V. – Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Legal Psychology and Pedagogy of the Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia; Professor of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology of the Open University of Economics, Management and Law, Leading Researcher at the Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Corresponding Member of the International Academy of Sciences of Pedagogical Education, Vologda
Pedagogical support and psychological support for gifted children
Страницы / Pages: 15-23
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article is devoted to the issue of identifying the peculiarities of the manifestation of giftedness in school-age children in an educational organization. The problem of giftedness as an ability and personality quality has always been of interest to representatives of various sciences. A gifted person is someone whose abilities exceed some of the average abilities of most people. The main role in the development of giftedness in children is played by the family, parents and educational organizations.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
educational organization, learning process, school-age children, giftedness, pedagogical support, psychological support.
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article is devoted to the issue of identifying the peculiarities of the manifestation of giftedness in school-age children in an educational organization. The problem of giftedness as an ability and personality quality has always been of interest to representatives of various sciences. A gifted person is someone whose abilities exceed some of the average abilities of most people. The main role in the development of giftedness in children is played by the family, parents and educational organizations.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
educational organization, learning process, school-age children, giftedness, pedagogical support, psychological support.
UMKHAZHIEVA H.T. Umkhazhieva H.T. – PhD student, graduate student, assistant at the Department of Psychology of Junior Schoolchildren Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow
The role of volitional qualities of younger schoolchildren in the process of arbitrariness in educational activities
Страницы / Pages: 24-30
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article presents an attempt at a theoretical and empirical study of the relationship between the volitional qualities of younger schoolchildren and the process of arbitrariness. Various approaches to the study of the genesis of arbitrariness are presented and the importance of the influence of this neoplasm on the educational process is noted. The characteristic of volitional qualities and its structure is also given. Based on empirical data, it is concluded that volitional qualities determine the level of development of arbitrariness in primary school age.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
arbitrariness, will, volitional qualities, freedom of choice, responsibility, educational activities.
PSYCHOLOGY OF PERSONAL DEVELOPMENTАннотация / Annotation:
The article presents an attempt at a theoretical and empirical study of the relationship between the volitional qualities of younger schoolchildren and the process of arbitrariness. Various approaches to the study of the genesis of arbitrariness are presented and the importance of the influence of this neoplasm on the educational process is noted. The characteristic of volitional qualities and its structure is also given. Based on empirical data, it is concluded that volitional qualities determine the level of development of arbitrariness in primary school age.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
arbitrariness, will, volitional qualities, freedom of choice, responsibility, educational activities.
TOKAREVA V.B. Tokareva V.B. – of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Special (Correctional) Pedagogy and Psychology, Faculty of Defectology, Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky
Features of the “Dark Triad” Manifestation with Modern Youth
Страницы / Pages: 31-38
Аннотация / Annotation:
The material examines the manifestations of signs of the dark triad, which can be found in modern youth. The purpose of this work is to identify the relationship between the “dark triad” and the manifestation of negative states in young people. The result of the study is the establishment of relationships that confirm a certain modern reality, which contributes to the formation of specific individual behavior in the process of learning, socialization and development.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
“dark triad”, dominance of negative emotions, sadism, psychopathy.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The material examines the manifestations of signs of the dark triad, which can be found in modern youth. The purpose of this work is to identify the relationship between the “dark triad” and the manifestation of negative states in young people. The result of the study is the establishment of relationships that confirm a certain modern reality, which contributes to the formation of specific individual behavior in the process of learning, socialization and development.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
“dark triad”, dominance of negative emotions, sadism, psychopathy.
ZHU L. Zhu L. – PhD student, Department of Psychology, Department of Psychology of Education and Pedagogy, Lomonosov Moscow State University
The influence of parenting styles on implicit and explicit self-esteem and defense mechanisms
Страницы / Pages: 39-46
Аннотация / Annotation:
The modern concept of self-esteem as a multidimensional concept, including explicit and implicit components, is considered. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of self-esteem features and attitudes towards achievements in adolescents from families with an authoritarian parenting style. Various defensive strategies used by adolescents to maintain self-esteem when faced with failures and their relationship with the level of implicit self-esteem are investigated. The article also addresses issues of psychological resilience in adolescents and strategies for its enhancement in the context of modern education.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
parenting styles, implicit self-esteem, explicit self-esteem, defense mechanisms, adolescents, authoritarian style, psychological resilience, academic achievements.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The modern concept of self-esteem as a multidimensional concept, including explicit and implicit components, is considered. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of self-esteem features and attitudes towards achievements in adolescents from families with an authoritarian parenting style. Various defensive strategies used by adolescents to maintain self-esteem when faced with failures and their relationship with the level of implicit self-esteem are investigated. The article also addresses issues of psychological resilience in adolescents and strategies for its enhancement in the context of modern education.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
parenting styles, implicit self-esteem, explicit self-esteem, defense mechanisms, adolescents, authoritarian style, psychological resilience, academic achievements.
BOYKO O.V. Boyko O.V. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of General and Clinical Psychology, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Rostov State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation”, Rostov-on-Don
The development of empathy in younger schoolchildren by means of animated films
Страницы / Pages: 47-56
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article presents the problem of developing empathy in primary school children by means of animation. An analysis of the role, significance and methods of developing the ability to experience the feelings and emotions of other people in children of primary school age is carried out. Examples of research by scientists studying this issue are given, and the author’s own position on the problem under study is also presented.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
empathy, ability to empathize, personality, development, primary school age.
PSYCHOLOGY OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONАннотация / Annotation:
The article presents the problem of developing empathy in primary school children by means of animation. An analysis of the role, significance and methods of developing the ability to experience the feelings and emotions of other people in children of primary school age is carried out. Examples of research by scientists studying this issue are given, and the author’s own position on the problem under study is also presented.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
empathy, ability to empathize, personality, development, primary school age.
CHUMANOV YU.V. Chumanov Yu.V. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, V.Ya. Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow
VASKINA YU.D. Vaskina Yu.D. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, V.Ya. Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow
POZHIMALINA A.YU. Pozhimalina A.Yu. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Academy of Law and Management of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Ryazan
The state of mental health of the individual in modern society and the need for professional psychological assistance
Страницы / Pages: 57-62
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article examines the problem of the state of human mental health and the influence of various factors on it, and also actualizes the question of the need to seek professional psychological help. The article presents statistics of a social survey on the mental state of the population in various regions, the level of anxiety and emotional stress. The authors propose a theoretical model of psychosocial health.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychological assistance, mental health of the individual, psychologist, psycho-emotional state, theoretical model.
PSYCHOLOGY OF PEDAGOGIC ACTIVITYАннотация / Annotation:
This article examines the problem of the state of human mental health and the influence of various factors on it, and also actualizes the question of the need to seek professional psychological help. The article presents statistics of a social survey on the mental state of the population in various regions, the level of anxiety and emotional stress. The authors propose a theoretical model of psychosocial health.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychological assistance, mental health of the individual, psychologist, psycho-emotional state, theoretical model.
ANDREEVA YU.V. Andreeva Yu.V. – Candidate of pedagogical Sciences, associate Professor, associate Professor of the Department of National and Universal history of Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla, Ufa
The pedagogical concept of removing the fear of failure: the experience of theoretical development (on the example of V. Frankl’s paradoxical intention)
Страницы / Pages: 63-69
Аннотация / Annotation:
Victor Frankl’s paradoxical intention is known in psychology as a hidden mechanism that allows a person to regulate his emotional state, thinking and behavior, which is of scientific interest in the context of learning. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that the paradoxical intention is presented as a pedagogical technology applicable in educational practice. The techniques of technology are named. Among them: the possibility of choice, irony, distancing, dialogue and grotesque
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
fear removal, paradoxical intention, Frankl, educational technology.
Аннотация / Annotation:
Victor Frankl’s paradoxical intention is known in psychology as a hidden mechanism that allows a person to regulate his emotional state, thinking and behavior, which is of scientific interest in the context of learning. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that the paradoxical intention is presented as a pedagogical technology applicable in educational practice. The techniques of technology are named. Among them: the possibility of choice, irony, distancing, dialogue and grotesque
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
fear removal, paradoxical intention, Frankl, educational technology.
EFREMOVA O.I. Efremova O.I. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Psycho-Pedagogical Education and Media Communication of the Taganrog Institute of A.P. Chekhov (Branch) of Rostov State University of Economics
«Double bind» in education as a factor in students’ distorted perception of scientific text
Страницы / Pages: 70-79
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article substantiates the negative impact of «double bind» of students in a situation of contradictory demands of teachers on students' perception and understanding of a scientific text. It was revealed that in a situation of «double bind» students do not always differentiate true and false judgments made on the basis of the text, evaluate judgments in the absence of their understanding. Some measures for preventing «double bind» of students in the educational process are proposed.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
«double bind», clip thinking, contradictory demands, text perception, text understanding.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article substantiates the negative impact of «double bind» of students in a situation of contradictory demands of teachers on students' perception and understanding of a scientific text. It was revealed that in a situation of «double bind» students do not always differentiate true and false judgments made on the basis of the text, evaluate judgments in the absence of their understanding. Some measures for preventing «double bind» of students in the educational process are proposed.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
«double bind», clip thinking, contradictory demands, text perception, text understanding.
AVDULOVA T.P. Avdulova T.P. – PhD in Psychology, Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Preschool Education, Institute of Child Development, Health, Adaptation (IRZAR), Professor, Department of Age Psychology, Moscow State Pedagogical University (MPGU), Moscow
KROTOVA T.V. Krotova T.V. – PhD in Pedagogics, Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Preschool Education of the Institute of Child Development, Health, Adaptation (IRZAR); Associate Professor, Department of Preschool Pedagogy, Moscow State Pedagogical University (MPGU), Moscow
KHUZEEVA G.R. Khuzeeva G.R. – PhD in Psychology, Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Preschool Education of the Institute of Child Development, Health, Adaptation (IRZAR); Associate Professor, Department of Age Psychology, Moscow State Pedagogical University (MPGU), Moscow
The Systematic Approach to Studying Conscious and Responsible Parenthood
Страницы / Pages: 80-88
Аннотация / Annotation:
The rationale and system of social perceptions of Conscious and responsible parenthood are presented. Based on a systematic analysis of the phenomenon, seven components are identified that reveal various aspects of parenthood. The novelty of the approach is determined by the fact that the phenomenon of parenting is considered as a systemic quality at three levels: the level of culture, the level of individual institutions of socialization and the level of interpersonal communication with the child. Reference models of parenting are studied in relation to one's own parenting.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
conscious responsible parenthood, social representations, parenthood benchmark, value attitude, emotional attitude.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The rationale and system of social perceptions of Conscious and responsible parenthood are presented. Based on a systematic analysis of the phenomenon, seven components are identified that reveal various aspects of parenthood. The novelty of the approach is determined by the fact that the phenomenon of parenting is considered as a systemic quality at three levels: the level of culture, the level of individual institutions of socialization and the level of interpersonal communication with the child. Reference models of parenting are studied in relation to one's own parenting.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
conscious responsible parenthood, social representations, parenthood benchmark, value attitude, emotional attitude.