Психология обучения
№ 03 • 2026
PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MODERN EDUCATION
KAFAROVA K.Z. Kafarova K.Z. – Senior Lecturer at the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology. Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov, Grozny
DANILOVA N.A. Danilova N.A. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Mathematics, Astrakhan State University named after V.N. Tatishchev, Astrakhan
SELMURZAEVA M.R. Selmurzaeva M.R. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Pedagogy and Preschool Psychology, Chechen State Pedagogical University, Grozny
Conceptual distinctions between academic, learning, and cognitive student motivation
Страницы / Pages: 6-15
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article theoretically substantiates the need for a conceptual distinction between academic, learning, and learning motivation in students. Through a sociological and pedagogical analysis, their objective orientation, value-semantic structure, and institutional conditioning are revealed. It is shown that confusing these categories reduces the heuristic potential of research on educational agency and student activity.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
academic motivation, learning motivation, learning motivation, student, educational agency.
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article theoretically substantiates the need for a conceptual distinction between academic, learning, and learning motivation in students. Through a sociological and pedagogical analysis, their objective orientation, value-semantic structure, and institutional conditioning are revealed. It is shown that confusing these categories reduces the heuristic potential of research on educational agency and student activity.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
academic motivation, learning motivation, learning motivation, student, educational agency.
UMKHAZHIEVA K.T. Umkhazhieva K.T. – Senior Lecturer department of psychology of primary school students named after V.D. Shadrikov, Moscow Pedagogical State University
The formation of arbitrariness in the process of achieving an understanding of learning activities by younger schoolchildren through the factors of cognitive interest and reflexivity
Страницы / Pages: 16-27
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article highlights the problem of understanding learning activities by younger schoolchildren and highlights the factors that determine the organizational nature of the process of achieving understanding. The result of the research is to establish the significant role of the systemic development of factors – cognitive interest and the quality of reflexivity to ensure the conditions that determine the dynamics of the development of the meaningful part of the cognitive and its meaningful management.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
understanding, arbitrariness, cognitive interest, reflexivity, awareness, comprehension, primary school students.
PSYCHOLOGY OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESSАннотация / Annotation:
The article highlights the problem of understanding learning activities by younger schoolchildren and highlights the factors that determine the organizational nature of the process of achieving understanding. The result of the research is to establish the significant role of the systemic development of factors – cognitive interest and the quality of reflexivity to ensure the conditions that determine the dynamics of the development of the meaningful part of the cognitive and its meaningful management.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
understanding, arbitrariness, cognitive interest, reflexivity, awareness, comprehension, primary school students.
LOMAKIN V.V. Lomakin V.V. – PhD in Law, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Special Tactics of the Educational and Scientific Complex of Special Training, Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow
GUSEV S.N. Gusev S.N. – Deputy Head of the Department of Fire and Tactical Special Training, Donetsk Branch of the Volgograd Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Donetsk
NAGORNY N.N. Nagorny N.N. – PhD, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanities and Socio-Economic Disciplines, Siberian Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Krasnoyarsk
Psychological aspects of countering the spread of extremism among youth in educational institutions of the Russian Federation
Страницы / Pages: 28-36
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the psychological mechanisms of extremist attitudes formation among young people and the possibilities of their prevention in educational organizations of Russia. The necessity of transition from a prohibitive-informational prevention model to the formation of psychological resilience of an individual is substantiated.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
extremism, youth environment, psychological prevention, educational organization, critical thinking.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the psychological mechanisms of extremist attitudes formation among young people and the possibilities of their prevention in educational organizations of Russia. The necessity of transition from a prohibitive-informational prevention model to the formation of psychological resilience of an individual is substantiated.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
extremism, youth environment, psychological prevention, educational organization, critical thinking.
ZAUTUROVA E.V. Zauturova E.V. – Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Professor at the Department of Legal Psychology and Pedagogy of the Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia”, Vologda; Federal State Institution “Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia”, leading researcher, Moscow; corresponding member of the International Academy of Sciences of Pedagogical Education
Some issues of moral and aesthetic development of an individual in an educational organization
Страницы / Pages: 37-44
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article is devoted to the problem of moral and aesthetic development of students. Properly organized work in this area can provide an opportunity for the student to experience aesthetic joy, participate in various creative activities, and demonstrate their best moral qualities. This process is managed by the teaching staff of the educational institution, specialists in various fields of art, and the parents of the students.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
educational organization, student personality, personality development process, moral and aesthetic development, technologies for moral and aesthetic development.
PSYCHOLOGY OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONАннотация / Annotation:
The article is devoted to the problem of moral and aesthetic development of students. Properly organized work in this area can provide an opportunity for the student to experience aesthetic joy, participate in various creative activities, and demonstrate their best moral qualities. This process is managed by the teaching staff of the educational institution, specialists in various fields of art, and the parents of the students.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
educational organization, student personality, personality development process, moral and aesthetic development, technologies for moral and aesthetic development.
BOTSIEVA N.I. Botsieva N.I. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Chemistry and Physics «North Ossetian State Medical Academy» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vladikavkaz
DENISOVA A.B. Denisova A.B. – PhD, Associate Professor, National Research University “MEI”, Moscow
UNATLOKOVA L.S. Unatlokova L.S. – senior lecturer at the Department of Kabardino-Circassian Language and Literature of the Social and Humanitarian Institute “Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov”, Nalchik
A conceptual-categorial analysis of student academic subjectivity in higher education
Страницы / Pages: 45-54
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article presents a conceptual-categorical analysis of student academic subjectivity as an integrative sociological and pedagogical phenomenon in higher education. The theoretical foundations of the category of subjectivity, its connection with autonomy, reflexivity, self-regulation, and academic responsibility are revealed. The structure of academic subjectivity as an indicator of the maturity of a student's educational position and inclusion in university culture is substantiated.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
academic subjectivity, student, higher education, subjectivity, educational position.
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article presents a conceptual-categorical analysis of student academic subjectivity as an integrative sociological and pedagogical phenomenon in higher education. The theoretical foundations of the category of subjectivity, its connection with autonomy, reflexivity, self-regulation, and academic responsibility are revealed. The structure of academic subjectivity as an indicator of the maturity of a student's educational position and inclusion in university culture is substantiated.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
academic subjectivity, student, higher education, subjectivity, educational position.
GANI S.V. Gani S.V. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Head of the Sector for Methodological Support of the Activities of Psychological Services at the Federal Resource Center for Psychological Services in the Higher Education System, Russian Academy of Education, Moscow
ALAVERDASHVILI I.I. Alaverdashvili I.I. – Chief Analyst of the Sector for Methodological Support of the Activities of Psychological Services at the Federal Resource Center for Psychological Services in the Higher Education System, Russian Academy of Education, Moscow
The university psychological service as a resource for a psychologically safe educational environment
Страницы / Pages: 55-64
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article presents the results of monitoring the psychological services of four universities of the Siberian Federal District, conducted by the Federal Resource Center of the Psychological Service in the Higher Education System. The study analyzes staffing and material resources, the accessibility of psychological support, and the scope of preventive, diagnostic, counseling, and crisis-response activities. Systemic deficits and directions of development are identified.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychological service, psychologically safe educational environment, higher education, monitoring, psychological support, students, psychological help.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article presents the results of monitoring the psychological services of four universities of the Siberian Federal District, conducted by the Federal Resource Center of the Psychological Service in the Higher Education System. The study analyzes staffing and material resources, the accessibility of psychological support, and the scope of preventive, diagnostic, counseling, and crisis-response activities. Systemic deficits and directions of development are identified.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
psychological service, psychologically safe educational environment, higher education, monitoring, psychological support, students, psychological help.
KOVALEVA A.V. Kovaleva A.V. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Psychology, Lugansk State Pedagogical University, Lugansk
The role of reflexivity in the formation of professional identity among psychology students (based on research in the Lugansk people’s republic)
Страницы / Pages: 65-73
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article explores the role of reflexivity in the formation of professional identity among students in training program «Psychology» in the Lugansk People’s Republic. Based on a sample of 225 students, it was found that a high level of reflexivity is associated with more mature types of identity. Additionally, low-reflexive students exhibit higher levels of established identity, which can be interpreted as a phenomenon of «non-critical identity». There was a significant increase in reflexivity by the third year of study.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
reflexivity, professional identity, students in training program «Psychology», Lugansk People’s Republic, statuses of professional identity, types of professional identity.
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATIONАннотация / Annotation:
The article explores the role of reflexivity in the formation of professional identity among students in training program «Psychology» in the Lugansk People’s Republic. Based on a sample of 225 students, it was found that a high level of reflexivity is associated with more mature types of identity. Additionally, low-reflexive students exhibit higher levels of established identity, which can be interpreted as a phenomenon of «non-critical identity». There was a significant increase in reflexivity by the third year of study.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
reflexivity, professional identity, students in training program «Psychology», Lugansk People’s Republic, statuses of professional identity, types of professional identity.
KARPENKO A.S. Karpenko A.S. – Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of General and Social Psychology at MGIMO University of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation. ORCID 0009-0002-5478-0359, SPIN code: 3160-6496
PAVLOVA M.G. Pavlova M.G. – Lecturer at the Department of General and Social Psychology at MGIMO University of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, business consultant. ORCID 0009-0002-5478-0359, SPIN code: 9789-8404
Digital image of a teacher in higher education: perceptual dissonance between self‑presentation and student expectations
Страницы / Pages: 74-86
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article explores the problem of forming a digital image of a university teacher. The authors define the structure of a digital image, analyze the perceptual discrepancies between faculty self-presentation and student expectations, and compare the sources that shape a teacher’s digital image. Practical recommendations are proposed at both institutional and individual levels to optimize the digital image of higher education faculty.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
digital image, image‑making, perception of the teacher, image in the digital environment, teacher’s self‑presentation, perceptual dissonance.
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article explores the problem of forming a digital image of a university teacher. The authors define the structure of a digital image, analyze the perceptual discrepancies between faculty self-presentation and student expectations, and compare the sources that shape a teacher’s digital image. Practical recommendations are proposed at both institutional and individual levels to optimize the digital image of higher education faculty.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
digital image, image‑making, perception of the teacher, image in the digital environment, teacher’s self‑presentation, perceptual dissonance.
KORABLEV S.E. Korablev S.E. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of General Education Disciplines of the Central Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State University of Justice”, Voronezh
TALYNYOV V.E. Talynyov V.E. – Doctor of Sociology, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Social Sciences, Humanities, Economics, and Law at the Voronezh Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Voronezh
PETROSYAN M.A. Petrosyan M.A. – Lecturer at the Department of General Education Disciplines at the Central Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State University of Justice”, Voronezh. E-mail: petrosyan.margarita2015@yandex.ru
Reflection on the social responsibility of modern youth through participation in volunteer activities
Страницы / Pages: 87-99
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the moral, legal and psychological components of reflection on the social responsibility of modern youth, which are formed in the process of volunteering. The article substantiates the importance of identifying psychological and pedagogical criteria for the effectiveness of volunteer activity as a factor in the formation and development of the ability of the younger generation to reflect on social cooperation.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
reflection, social cooperation, volunteerism, motivation for constructive attitude towards people, socially active personality orientation.
APPLIED ASPECTS OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGYАннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the moral, legal and psychological components of reflection on the social responsibility of modern youth, which are formed in the process of volunteering. The article substantiates the importance of identifying psychological and pedagogical criteria for the effectiveness of volunteer activity as a factor in the formation and development of the ability of the younger generation to reflect on social cooperation.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
reflection, social cooperation, volunteerism, motivation for constructive attitude towards people, socially active personality orientation.
ISKHAKOV F.R. Iskhakov F.R. – postgraduate student, Faculty of Psychology, Saint Petersburg State University, Supervisor of the Behavioral service, Behavioral Correction Department, ANO CSPR Almadeya
The effectiveness of parallel intervention in correcting the basic social skills of children with special needs
Страницы / Pages: 100-110
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the problem of the lack of basic social skills – request and tolerance to refusal – in children with disabilities in the context of the contradictions between the acceptance of undesirable behavior and increasing demands for inclusivity of the educational environment. A parallel intervention combining applied behavior analysis and narrative practice is proposed. As a result, the effectiveness of the transition from individual correction of deficits to systemic psychological and pedagogical influence.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
applied behavior analysis, parental narrative, basic social skills, request, tolerance response, children with disabilities, parallel intervention, reflexive perspective.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the problem of the lack of basic social skills – request and tolerance to refusal – in children with disabilities in the context of the contradictions between the acceptance of undesirable behavior and increasing demands for inclusivity of the educational environment. A parallel intervention combining applied behavior analysis and narrative practice is proposed. As a result, the effectiveness of the transition from individual correction of deficits to systemic psychological and pedagogical influence.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
applied behavior analysis, parental narrative, basic social skills, request, tolerance response, children with disabilities, parallel intervention, reflexive perspective.
KORCHAZHKINA O.M. Korchazhkina O.M. – Ph.D. in Engineering, Senior Researcher, Federal Research Centre “Computer Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
The «internal contradictions» of L.S. Vygotsky’s psychological theory from the perspective of Niels Bohr’s principle of complementarity
Страницы / Pages: 111-121
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the content of a number of conceptual pairs that form the basis of the terminological apparatus of L. S. Vygotsky’s cultural‑historical theory; these were the subject of criticism by A. N. Leontiev, the author of the psychological theory of activity, who found dualism in some of its provisions, leading to a number of logical dead ends. The article attempts to analyse some of the conceptual pairs of Vygotsky’s psychological theory as phenomena that correspond to Bohr’s principle of complementarity.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
complementarity principle, cultural-historical theory, activity theory, concept pairs, sign, sign operations, object-oriented activity.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the content of a number of conceptual pairs that form the basis of the terminological apparatus of L. S. Vygotsky’s cultural‑historical theory; these were the subject of criticism by A. N. Leontiev, the author of the psychological theory of activity, who found dualism in some of its provisions, leading to a number of logical dead ends. The article attempts to analyse some of the conceptual pairs of Vygotsky’s psychological theory as phenomena that correspond to Bohr’s principle of complementarity.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
complementarity principle, cultural-historical theory, activity theory, concept pairs, sign, sign operations, object-oriented activity.