Право и образование
№ 09 • 2026
THEORETICAL ISSUES
SHUGUROV M.V. Shugurov M.V. – doctor of philosophy, docent
The legal man in the face of the challenges of technogenic transformations: a conceptual understanding
Страницы / Pages: 4-14
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article explores the legal and anthropological aspects of the contemporary concept of digital law. The aim of the study is to develop a conceptual model for the transformation of legal identity in the context of the digital transformation of law and society. The primary focus is on the impact of online communication on personal transformation, which raises a number of issues regarding legal identity.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
law, digital transformation, virtual communication, legal personality, legal person, personal identity, value of law.
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article explores the legal and anthropological aspects of the contemporary concept of digital law. The aim of the study is to develop a conceptual model for the transformation of legal identity in the context of the digital transformation of law and society. The primary focus is on the impact of online communication on personal transformation, which raises a number of issues regarding legal identity.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
law, digital transformation, virtual communication, legal personality, legal person, personal identity, value of law.
PLETNIKOV V.S. Pletnikov V.S. – doctor of Law, Associate Professor
PLETNIKOVA M.S. Pletnikova M.S. – candidate of Law, Associate Professor
Cognitive model in modern legal science: purpose and use in research practices
Страницы / Pages: 15-22
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article examines the cognitive model as a key tool in legal science, enabling a comprehensive study of state and legal reality. It analyzes the shortcomings of these models, which arise from the choice of methodology, regulatory limitations, and insufficient depth of knowledge. It substantiates the need to introduce specialized academic courses into legal research training programs to avoid these shortcomings.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
model, cognitive model, legal science, legal education, jurisprudence, defect.
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article examines the cognitive model as a key tool in legal science, enabling a comprehensive study of state and legal reality. It analyzes the shortcomings of these models, which arise from the choice of methodology, regulatory limitations, and insufficient depth of knowledge. It substantiates the need to introduce specialized academic courses into legal research training programs to avoid these shortcomings.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
model, cognitive model, legal science, legal education, jurisprudence, defect.
ANTONENKO M.S. Antonenko M.S. –
System of technical-legal norms in the light of postpositivist philosophy of science
Страницы / Pages: 23-30
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the epistemological nature of technical-legal norms as hybrid objects combining objective-technical and legal knowledge. It is argued that traditional approaches are insufficient for their analysis, and the conceptual framework of postpositivism is applied. The logic of the development of these norms through paradigms and competition of programs is revealed. The findings substantiate the need for interdisciplinary rationality in the context of hybrid regulation.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
technical-legal norms, postpositivism, hybrid object, methodological pluralism, technical regulation, epistemology of law, systemic rationality.
MODERN EDUCATIONАннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the epistemological nature of technical-legal norms as hybrid objects combining objective-technical and legal knowledge. It is argued that traditional approaches are insufficient for their analysis, and the conceptual framework of postpositivism is applied. The logic of the development of these norms through paradigms and competition of programs is revealed. The findings substantiate the need for interdisciplinary rationality in the context of hybrid regulation.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
technical-legal norms, postpositivism, hybrid object, methodological pluralism, technical regulation, epistemology of law, systemic rationality.
LARCHENKO A.G. Larchenko A.G. – PhD in engineering, associate professor
Artificial intelligence in the modern educational process
Страницы / Pages: 31-38
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the integration of artificial intelligence into the higher education system. The effectiveness of the use of intelligent systems is assessed, and potential threats to the use of neural networks in educational practice are considered. Conclusions are formulated, and the tasks of further research are determined.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
education, artificial intelligence, educational methodology, pedagogy, information technology.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article examines the integration of artificial intelligence into the higher education system. The effectiveness of the use of intelligent systems is assessed, and potential threats to the use of neural networks in educational practice are considered. Conclusions are formulated, and the tasks of further research are determined.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
education, artificial intelligence, educational methodology, pedagogy, information technology.
ANTONOVA N.A. Antonova N.A. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences
End-to-end technologies in medical education as an urgent problem of future doctor’s training
Страницы / Pages: 39-47
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article is devoted to the study of the application of end-to-end technologies in the field of medical education. The paper highlights the importance of the research, provides a definition of the term «end-to-end technologies», highlights significant problems and possible ways to overcome them. In addition, the possibility of integrating end-to-end technologies into technical disciplines for the training of future doctors is being considered.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
end-to-end technologies, digital technologies, digitalization of education, professional activity, training of a future doctor.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article is devoted to the study of the application of end-to-end technologies in the field of medical education. The paper highlights the importance of the research, provides a definition of the term «end-to-end technologies», highlights significant problems and possible ways to overcome them. In addition, the possibility of integrating end-to-end technologies into technical disciplines for the training of future doctors is being considered.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
end-to-end technologies, digital technologies, digitalization of education, professional activity, training of a future doctor.
AFANASYEV M.A. Afanasyev M.A. – PhD in Law, Associate Professor
Organisational and legal aspects of periodic medical examinations in educational organisations: opportunities for early diagnosis of health disorders and improvement of teachers’ working conditions
Страницы / Pages: 48-55
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article examines the organizational and legal aspects of mandatory periodic medical examinations of teachers (Article 220 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, orders No. 29n, No. 988n/1420n). Harmful production factors and their relationship with occupational diseases are analyzed. The underutilized potential of medical examinations for the early diagnosis of teacher health problems due to legal and organizational deficiencies is demonstrated. Areas for improving legislation are proposed.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
occupational safety, teaching staff, periodic medical examinations, occupational diseases, early diagnosis, labor law.
HOT TOPICАннотация / Annotation:
This article examines the organizational and legal aspects of mandatory periodic medical examinations of teachers (Article 220 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, orders No. 29n, No. 988n/1420n). Harmful production factors and their relationship with occupational diseases are analyzed. The underutilized potential of medical examinations for the early diagnosis of teacher health problems due to legal and organizational deficiencies is demonstrated. Areas for improving legislation are proposed.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
occupational safety, teaching staff, periodic medical examinations, occupational diseases, early diagnosis, labor law.
SAPOGOV V.M. Sapogov V.M. – candidate of law, associate professor
VASILYEVA M.V. Vasilyeva M.V. – candidate of economic sciences, associate professor
Problems and prospects for the development of public control in the law enforcement sphere
Страницы / Pages: 56-63
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article considers certain aspects of the implementation of public control in the field of law enforcement agencies, as a mechanism for the effective implementation of public interests in the field of public administration of federal executive bodies. The regulatory regulation of the work of public councils created in law enforcement agencies was analyzed and recommendations were proposed to improve the regulatory and organizational foundations of their activities.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
administrative law, public administration, public control, community councils, law enforcement.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article considers certain aspects of the implementation of public control in the field of law enforcement agencies, as a mechanism for the effective implementation of public interests in the field of public administration of federal executive bodies. The regulatory regulation of the work of public councils created in law enforcement agencies was analyzed and recommendations were proposed to improve the regulatory and organizational foundations of their activities.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
administrative law, public administration, public control, community councils, law enforcement.
FILYUSHCHENKO L.I. Filyushchenko L.I. – Candidate of Law, Associate Professor
Improvement of legal regulation of remuneration under the influence of judicial practice
Страницы / Pages: 64-74
Аннотация / Annotation:
Examples of judicial practice concerning certain aspects of wage regulation and their perception by the legislator are analyzed. The positive reaction of the legislator to the provisions formulated by the courts was noted. Conclusions were drawn about the insufficient use of the potential of judicial practice in legislative activities. Some areas of further research in this area are formulated.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
salary, proportionality of costs, fairness of decisions, salary indexation, disputes, court position, interpretation of norms, improvement of the law.
WE DISCUSS THE PROBLEMАннотация / Annotation:
Examples of judicial practice concerning certain aspects of wage regulation and their perception by the legislator are analyzed. The positive reaction of the legislator to the provisions formulated by the courts was noted. Conclusions were drawn about the insufficient use of the potential of judicial practice in legislative activities. Some areas of further research in this area are formulated.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
salary, proportionality of costs, fairness of decisions, salary indexation, disputes, court position, interpretation of norms, improvement of the law.
KHILYUTA V.V. Khilyuta V.V. – Doctor of Law, Associate Professor
Educational technologies for solving qualification problems (on the example of the qualification of robbery and extortion)
Страницы / Pages: 75-83
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article reveals the issue of solving typical investigative tasks and qualification of crimes. Using the example of norms on violent property crimes (robbery, extortion), the author demonstrated the process of solving the same type of problems and options for legal argumentation when justifying the conclusion. It was stated that when qualifying a crime, the priority is the direction of the person’s actions and the actual deed.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
law, education, crime, qualification of crimes, robbery, extortion, property crimes.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article reveals the issue of solving typical investigative tasks and qualification of crimes. Using the example of norms on violent property crimes (robbery, extortion), the author demonstrated the process of solving the same type of problems and options for legal argumentation when justifying the conclusion. It was stated that when qualifying a crime, the priority is the direction of the person’s actions and the actual deed.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
law, education, crime, qualification of crimes, robbery, extortion, property crimes.
GERASIMOV G.I. Gerasimov G.I. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor
Chronicle and law as two forms of one worldview: a comparative AI analysis of old russian historical and legal corpora
Страницы / Pages: 84-91
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article compares the chronicle-historical and legal corpora of the IRIS database. The analysis is based not on words, but on identified and grouped ideas. It is shown that chronicle and law express one religious and moral system: the chronicle explains history through divine help, sin, repentance and the defense of Rus’, while law fixes the same order in norms, truth, loyalty and sanctions.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
Old Rus’, chronicle, Old Russian law, Russkaya Pravda, worldview, artificial intelligence, IRIS database.
THE RIGHT ABROADАннотация / Annotation:
The article compares the chronicle-historical and legal corpora of the IRIS database. The analysis is based not on words, but on identified and grouped ideas. It is shown that chronicle and law express one religious and moral system: the chronicle explains history through divine help, sin, repentance and the defense of Rus’, while law fixes the same order in norms, truth, loyalty and sanctions.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
Old Rus’, chronicle, Old Russian law, Russkaya Pravda, worldview, artificial intelligence, IRIS database.
SHEPENKO R.A. Shepenko R.A. – doctor of Juridical Sciences
LIU HUAN Liu Huan –
Practice of Resolving Local Tax Disputes in the PRC
Страницы / Pages: 92-100
Аннотация / Annotation:
Based on an analysis of 210 court decisions, this article examines the practice of resolving local tax disputes in the PRC. A critical prevalence of procedural control over substantive legal analysis is identified, which limits the protection of private rights and leaves the discretionary powers of tax authorities without proper oversight. To restrict administrative arbitrariness, the necessity of transitioning to a model of enhanced substantive review is substantiated.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
tax disputes, local taxes in the PRC, administrative litigation, administrative discretion, judicial control.
Аннотация / Annotation:
Based on an analysis of 210 court decisions, this article examines the practice of resolving local tax disputes in the PRC. A critical prevalence of procedural control over substantive legal analysis is identified, which limits the protection of private rights and leaves the discretionary powers of tax authorities without proper oversight. To restrict administrative arbitrariness, the necessity of transitioning to a model of enhanced substantive review is substantiated.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
tax disputes, local taxes in the PRC, administrative litigation, administrative discretion, judicial control.
PHAM HO HOANG LONG Pham Ho Hoang Long – postgraduate student
The legal nature, types, and characteristics of public-private partnership agreements as a form of investment activity involving state capital in Vietnam
Страницы / Pages: 101-110
Аннотация / Annotation:
Investment in the form of public-private partnership (PPP) constitutes one of the forms of investment in Vietnam, which combines both the nature of a civil agreement and the specifics of specific branches of law. This article examines the legal aspects of this institution with the aim of determining its legal nature and identifying the particular features of this form of investment in accordance with the provisions of Vietnamese legislation.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
investment, public-private partnership, PPP agreement, public-law relations, private-law relations, comprehensive legal relations.
PAGES OF HISTORYАннотация / Annotation:
Investment in the form of public-private partnership (PPP) constitutes one of the forms of investment in Vietnam, which combines both the nature of a civil agreement and the specifics of specific branches of law. This article examines the legal aspects of this institution with the aim of determining its legal nature and identifying the particular features of this form of investment in accordance with the provisions of Vietnamese legislation.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
investment, public-private partnership, PPP agreement, public-law relations, private-law relations, comprehensive legal relations.
SOKLAKOV A.Y. Soklakov A.Y. – candidate of historical sciences, associate professor
Memorial and museum-exhibition sites of the baltic states in the context of the policy of russophobia
Страницы / Pages: 111-118
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article presents the author’s perspective on the transformation of the museum and exhibition spaces in the Baltic states to further the long-standing anti-Russian agenda. The origins of the modern anti-Russian agenda of Baltic museums can be traced back to the Soviet period of Russian history. A list of annual anti-Russian memorial days is provided, along with examples and the participation of many Baltic museums.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
falsification of history, russophobia, historical memory, monuments, military-patriotic activities.
Аннотация / Annotation:
This article presents the author’s perspective on the transformation of the museum and exhibition spaces in the Baltic states to further the long-standing anti-Russian agenda. The origins of the modern anti-Russian agenda of Baltic museums can be traced back to the Soviet period of Russian history. A list of annual anti-Russian memorial days is provided, along with examples and the participation of many Baltic museums.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
falsification of history, russophobia, historical memory, monuments, military-patriotic activities.
PANTELEEV P.V. Panteleev P.V. – PhD in Military Sciences
A brief description of the source base for the interaction of the armed forces of the Russian empire during the First world war
Страницы / Pages: 119-129
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article provides a brief analysis of the available guidance and legal sources on the interaction of the armed forces of the Russian Empire during the First World War, their systematization and preparation of proposals for use in conducting research. Conclusions are drawn about the sufficiency of sources on the topic under study and their influence for obtaining new historical knowledge on the interaction of troops during the First World War, as well as their use in the educational process of higher educational institutions.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
governing documents, regulatory and legal framework of sources, research source base, World War I, military interaction, Russian State Archives.
Аннотация / Annotation:
The article provides a brief analysis of the available guidance and legal sources on the interaction of the armed forces of the Russian Empire during the First World War, their systematization and preparation of proposals for use in conducting research. Conclusions are drawn about the sufficiency of sources on the topic under study and their influence for obtaining new historical knowledge on the interaction of troops during the First World War, as well as their use in the educational process of higher educational institutions.
Ключевые слова / Keywords:
governing documents, regulatory and legal framework of sources, research source base, World War I, military interaction, Russian State Archives.